There are about 14,000 Uzbeks in China. Most of them live in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The Uzbeks are the descendants of the Lite, Huacizi, Feiergan and Saha-Masagaite tribes who migrated from Central Asia to China.

There are about 100,000 Salar people in China. Most of them live in Qinghai and Gansu provinces. The Salar people call themselves Salarer. Their ancestors are the Samarkand people who migrated from Central Asia to China during the Yuan Dynasty (1271AD-1368AD).

Uyghurs call themselves Uyghurs, a word meaning "unity" in the Uyghur language. Uyghurs are the descendants of the Dingling and Tieles tribes, nomads who mingled and merged in the third century BC. During the 8th and 9th centuries the Uyghurs ruled a vast Central Asian empire.

The 500,000 Dongxiang live mostly in Gansu province; the rest live in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Xinjiang. The Dongxiang are closely related to the Mongolian and Semu peoples.

The Tu, Mongols, Mongolian, Altaic, Tukun, Tuhujia.

There are some 160,000 Kyrgyz in China, mostly in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The rest live in Heilongjiang Province.

The ancestors of Kyrgyz people lived on the upper reaches of the Yenisey River in central Siberia. They have lived in Central Asia for thousands of years. They came into contact with Islam through traders moving along the Silk Road.

The Kyrgyz language belongs to the Turkic branch of the Altaic language family. It’s sometimes written using a Latin based alphabet, and sometimes using an Arabic based alphabet.

The Kyrgyz practice Islam.

Animal husbandry is the main occupation of the Kyrgyz people.